The Netherlands is one of six countries in this database that does not legally have an official language, only a ‘de facto’ one: Dutch. The last time that official language data was collected throughout all of Netherlands was in 1998 when the country fully transitioned from traditional questionnaire-based censuses to an integrated statistical system. In 2019, the Central Bureau for Statistics (CBS) conducted a national survey on dialects and regional languages once again, with a representative sample of 7 500 people. It showed that 1 in 10 people aged over 15 speak one of the three government-recognized regional languages at home: Frisian (2 percent), Low Saxon (5 percent), or Limburgish (over 3 percent). Papiamentu is protected by the European Charter of Regional and Minority Languages (ECRML). It is spoken in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, the remaining post-colonial overseas territories of the Caribbean Netherlands. In 2021, Bonaire had 21 745 residents of which 62.4% had Papiamentu as their most spoken language, coming up to 13 569 speakers overall. ‘Limburgish’ is understood quite broadly in the ECRML and described as covering ‘Northern Limburgish, Central and Southern Limburgish, as well as Ripuarian/West Central German’. There is no official national data on the number of Sign Language users in the Netherlands; the number of people who learned Dutch Sign Language (NGT) as their native language is estimated to be around 5 000, while another 10 000 – 15 000 are estimated to have learned it later in life.