North Macedonia
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North Macedonia (MK)
ECRML
Signed
1996
Ratified
(PENDING)
In Force
(PENDING)
FCNM
Signed
1996
Ratified
1997
In Force
1998
Country Description
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Official Language(s)
To increase their visibility, recognised Sign Languages are always listed as official languages even if they are not yet technically official. The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Italian’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gheg Albanoid |
Shqip | Whole country | 2019 | Official Gazette | / | 444 026 (given) | Household Language | 2021 | 1 (National) | ||
|
Macedonian Slavic |
Makedonski jazik | Whole country | 2001 | Article 7 (Constitution of North Macedonia) | / | 1 145 327 (given) | Household Language | 2021 | 1 (National) | ||
|
Macedonian Sign Language Sign Language |
Makedonski znakoven jazik | Whole country | 2009 | On the Use of Sign Language / ЗА УПОТРЕБА НА ЗНАКОВНИОТ ЈАЗИК | / | 51 (listed as 'Sign Language') | Household Language | 2021 | Not listed |
ECRML-Recognised Languages
This includes languages recognised under the European Charter of Regional and Minority Languages (ECRML). The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Czech’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level | ECRML level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| / | ||||||||||||
Non-ECRML Languages
This includes languages listed with an 'established status' in Ethnologue, the Endangered Languages Project or the UNESCO World Atlas (once it is available again). The data on legal recognition, national number, and endangerment level was taken over from the original source, reflecting these sources’ current state and gaps of knowledge.
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Aromanian/Vlach Romance |
Armãneashti / Vlãhi | Bitola, Ohrid, Prilep, Resen, and Struga municipalities: Gevgelija, Kocani-Vinica, Krusevo, Kumanovo, Skopje, Stip, and Sveti Nikole; north of Ohrid and Presba lakes | / | / | / | 16 100 | Users | 2022 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
Balkan Gagauz Turkish Turkic |
Rumeli Türkçesi | Bitola and Kumanovo municipalities. Kumanovo area (Gagauz dialect); Bitola area (Yuruk dialect) | / | / | / | 3 500 | Users | 2022 | 7 (Shifting) | ||
|
Balkan Romani Indo-Aryan |
Romani ćhib / Balkaniko Romanes | Scattered | / | / | / | 45 900 | Users | 2022 | 5* (Developing) | ||
|
Bosnian Slavic |
Bosanski | Petrovec, Skopje, Veles and Zelenikovo municipalities | / | / | / | 15 000 | Users | 2022 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
French Romance |
Français | / | / | / | / | 42 500 | Users | 2022 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Greek Greek |
Elliniká | Bitola municipality | / | / | / | 530 | Users | 2022 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Megleno-Romanian Romance |
Vlăhește | Gevgelija municipality | / | / | / | 1 800 | Users | 2022 | 6b (Threatened) | ||
|
Serbian Slavic |
Srpski | Kriva Palanka, Kumanovo, and Skopje municipalities | / | / | / | 22 000 | Users | 2022 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
Tosk Albanoid |
Shqip | Ohrid and Struga municipalities | / | / | / | 3 300 | Users | 2022 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
Turkish Turkic |
Türkçe | Berovo, Bitola, Centar Zupa, Debar, Gostivar, Plasnica, Radovis, Struga, Strumica, and Valandovo municipalities | / | / | / | 62 500 | Users | 2022 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
Vlax Romani Indo-Aryan |
Romani cib | Bitola, Dolneni, Ohrid, Prilep, and Resen municipalities | / | / | / | 10 000 (based on ethnicity) | Users | 2023 | 6a* (Vigorous) |
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