Austria
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Austria (AT)
ECRML
Signed
1992
Ratified
2001
In Force
2001
FCNM
Signed
1995
Ratified
1998
In Force
1998
Country Description
There is no systematic data on deaf sign language users in Austria, thus the common estimate of 0.01% of the population is applied, coming up to 8,000. Together with hearing, hard-of-hearing and learning users, this results in approximately 10,000 ÖGS sign language users. There is a marked shortage of ÖGS translators (approx. 100 at the moment), which has been flagged as an issue. The last "tradititional" language census in Austria took place in 2001 (and every ten years before that), when a switch was made from respondent-based questionnaires to register-based administrative data.
Official Language(s)
To increase their visibility, recognised Sign Languages are always listed as official languages even if they are not yet technically official. The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Italian’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Austrian German Germanic |
(Österreichisches) Deutsch | Whole country | 1920 | Federal Constitutional Law / Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz, Article 8 (1) | / | 7 808 837 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 1 (National) | ||
|
Austrian Sign Language (ÖGS) Sign Language |
Österreichische Gebärdensprache, ÖGS | Whole country | 2005 | Recognition of Austrian Sign Language (89/A(E)) / Anerkennung der Österreichischen Gebärdensprache (89/A(E)) | / | Approx. 10,000 (not a census) | Language used | 2021 | 5 (Developing) |
ECRML-Recognised Languages
This includes languages recognised under the European Charter of Regional and Minority Languages (ECRML). The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Czech’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level | ECRML level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Burgenland Croatian Slavic |
Gradišćanskohrvatski | Regions in Burgenland (Co-Official) | 1955 | State Treaty Article 7 (Rights of the Slovenian and Croatian minorities) / Staatsvertrag Artikel 7 (Rechte der slowenischen und kroatischen Minderheiten) | / | 19 412 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 6b (Threatened) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Czech Slavic |
Čeština | Vienna | 1976 | Ethnic Groups Act Section III (Assistance for Ethnic Minorities) / Volksgruppengesetz Abschnitt III (Volksgruppenförderung) | / | 17 742 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II | ||
|
Hungarian Uralic |
Magyar nyelv | Burgenland, Vienna (Co-Official) | 1976 | Ethnic Groups Act Section V (Official Language) / Volksgruppengesetz Abschnitt V (Amtssprache) | / | 40 583 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 4 (Educational) | Depending on area, Part II OR Part II & Part III | ||
|
Romani Indo-Aryan |
Rromani ćhib | Burgenland | 1993 | Ethnic Group Recognition 1993 | / | 6 273 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | Sinte Romani - 5* (Developing), Vlax Romani - 6b* (Threatened) | Part II | ||
|
Slovak Slavic |
Slovenski jezik | Regions in Carinthia (Co-Official) | 1976 | Ethnic Groups Act Section III (Assistance for Ethnic Minorities) / Volksgruppengesetz Abschnitt III (Volksgruppenförderung) | / | 24 855 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 5* (Dispersed) | Depending on area, Part II OR Part II & Part III | ||
|
Slovenian Slavic |
Slovenský jazyk | Vienna | 1955 | State Treaty Article 7 (Rights of the Slovenian and Croatian minorities) / Staatsvertrag Artikel 7 (Rechte der slowenischen und kroatischen Minderheiten) | / | 10 234 (given) | Colloquial language | 2001 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II |
Non-ECRML Languages
This includes languages listed with an 'established status' in Ethnologue, the Endangered Languages Project or the UNESCO World Atlas (once it is available again). The data on legal recognition, national number, and endangerment level was taken over from the original source, reflecting these sources’ current state and gaps of knowledge.
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Alemannic Germanic |
Vorarlbergerisch / Alemannisch | Vorarlberg state; Western Tyrol | / | / | / | 300 000 | Users | 1991 | 5* (Developing) | ||
|
Bavarian Austrian Germanic |
Bairisch-Österreichisch | Lower Austria and Salzburg states; Burgenland, Carinthia, and Styria (Northern Bavarian dialect) | / | / | / | 8 310 000 | Users | 2012 | 5* (Developing) | ||
|
Croatian Slavic |
Hrvatski | Burgenland, Lower Austria and Vienna states | / | / | / | 121 000 | Users | 2021 | 6b (Threatened) | ||
|
English Germanic |
English | Widespread | / | / | / | 6 514 700 | Users | 2018 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
French Romance |
Français | Scattered | / | / | / | 1 181 300 | Users | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Italian Romance |
Italiano | / | / | / | / | 815 900 | Users | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Swabian Germanic |
Schwäbisch | Tyrol state: Reutte district, Reutte town area | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | 5* (Developing) | |
|
Walser Germanic |
Walscher / Galtürer Dialekt | Tyrol state: Paznauntal area, Brandnertal, Galtür, Lech, Reintal, Schricken, Silbertal, and Warth; Vorarlberg state: Grosses Walsertal, Kleinwalsertal, Tannberg areas | / | / | / | 9 000 | Users | 2022 | 6b* (Threatened) |
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