Croatia
%20HR.png)
Croatia (HR)
ECRML
Signed
1997
Ratified
1997
In Force
1998
FCNM
Signed
1996
Ratified
1997
In Force
1998
Country Description
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
Official Language(s)
To increase their visibility, recognised Sign Languages are always listed as official languages even if they are not yet technically official. The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Italian’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Croatian Slavic |
Hrvatski | Whole country | 1847 (furthered in 1990) | Speech delivered in the Croatian Parliament on October 23, 1847 (Govor održan u Hrvatskom saboru 23. listopada 1847) / Constitution, Art. 12 | / | 3 687 735 (given) | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 1 (National) | ||
|
Croatian Sign Language (HZJ) Sign Language |
Hrvatski znakovni jezik | Whole country | 2015 | Law on Croatian Sign Language and Other Communication Systems for Deaf and Deaf-Blind Persons in the Republic of Croatia / Zakon o hrvatskom znakovnom jeziku i ostalim sustavima komunikacije gluhih i gluhoslijepih osoba u Republici Hrvatskoj | / | Approx. 6 500 (not a census) | Deaf Sign Language Users | 2026 (Website accessed) | 5 (Developing) |
ECRML-Recognised Languages
This includes languages recognised under the European Charter of Regional and Minority Languages (ECRML). The data on legal recognition was aggregated from legal documents and official sources. Wherever possible, the national number was taken from a national census or recent study/official estimate – sources are listed. The endangerment level is adopted from Ethnologue/Glottolog and further estimates of endangerment can be found on the individual language profile (e.g. by clicking on ‘Czech’).
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level | ECRML level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Boyash-Romanian Indo-Aryan |
Bayash / Rudari | Međimurje, OsijekBaranya and Sisak-Moslavina and the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 15 269 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | Not listed | Part II | ||
|
Czech Slavic |
Čeština | Bjelovar-Bilogora, Požega-Slavonia, Sisak-Moslavina and Zagreb counties and the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 4 915 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 4 (Educational) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
German Germanic |
Deutsch | Osijek-Baranja, Zagreb and Split-Dalmatia counties | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 3 358 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II | ||
|
Hungarian Uralic |
Magyar nyelv | Osijek-Baranja, Vukovar-Syrmia, Bjelovar-Bilogora and Primorje-Gorski Kotar counties, and in the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 7 218 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 4 (Educational) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Istro-Romanian Romance |
Rumârește | Žejane, Lanišće and Šušnjevica | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 671 (for 'Romanian') | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 7 (Shifting) | Part II | ||
|
Italian Romance |
Italiano | Istria, Primorje-Gorski Kotar and Požega-Slavonia, and in the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 12 890 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 2 (Provincial) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Rusyn / Ruthenian Slavic |
Rusîn'skyj jazyk | Vukovar-Syrmia and Osijek-Baranya and in the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 1 011 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 6a* (Vigorous) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Serbian Slavic |
Srpski | Cities of Vukovar and Vrbovsko, and municipalities Krnjak, Vojnić, Donji Lapac, Vrhovine, Udbina, Šodolovci, Jagodnjak, Erdut, Dvor, Gvozd, Donji Kukuruzari, Biskupija, Civljane, Kistanje, Ervenik, Markušica, Trpinja, Negoslavci, Borovo, Gračac and Plašk | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 4 278 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 4 (Educational) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Slovak Slavic |
Slovenský jazyk | Osijek-Baranya County, Vukovar-Syrmia County and the City of Zagreb | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 2 859 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II & Part III | ||
|
Slovenian Slavic |
Slovenski jezik | City of Zagreb and the counties of Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Split-Dalmatia, Zagreb, Varaždin and Osijek-Baranya | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 7 620 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II | ||
|
Ukrainian Slavic |
Ukrainska mova | Vukovar-Syrmia County, City of Zagreb, counties of SisakMoslavina, Brod-Posavina, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Istria, Zagreb and Split-Dalmatia | 1990 (furthered in 2002) | Constitution of the Republic of Croatia / The Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia | / | 1 198 | Mother Tongue | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | Part II & Part III |
Non-ECRML Languages
This includes languages listed with an 'established status' in Ethnologue, the Endangered Languages Project or the UNESCO World Atlas (once it is available again). The data on legal recognition, national number, and endangerment level was taken over from the original source, reflecting these sources’ current state and gaps of knowledge.
| Language | Endonym | Geographic Area | Source | Legal Recognition | Legal Document | Source | National Number | Bases for Calculation | Estimation Date | Source | Endangerment Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Balkan Romani Indo-Aryan |
Balkaniko Romanes | / | / | / | / | 709 570 (total) | Speakers | 2026 (Website accessed) | At risk | ||
|
Baltic Romani Indo-Aryan |
Roma | / | / | / | / | 58 460 (total) | Speakers | 2026 (Website accessed) | Vulnerable | ||
|
Bosnian Slavic |
Bosanski | Dubrovnik-Neretva, Istria, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Sisak-Moslavina, Split-Dalmatia, Vukovar-Syrmia, and Zagreb city | 2002 | Constitutional Law on the Rights of Minorities, Article 15 | / | 17 500 | Users | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Carpathian Romani Indo-Aryan |
Central Romani | / | / | / | / | 472 470 (total) | Speakers | 2026 (Website accessed) | At risk | ||
|
Chakavian Slavic |
Čakavski | Istria county; Primorje-Gorski Kotar and Split-Dalmatia counties: coastal area and islands | / | / | / | 50 000 | Users | 2019 | 6b (Threatened) | ||
|
Dalmatian Romance |
Dalmato | Dubrovnik-Neretva, Šibenik-Knin, Split-Dalmatia, and Zadar counties | / | / | / | No known L1 speakers | / | / | 10 (Extinct) | ||
|
English Germanic |
English | / | / | / | / | 2 002 860 | Users | 2021 | 4 (Educational) | ||
|
French Romance |
Français | / | / | / | / | 96 460 | Users | 2021 | 5* (Dispersed) | ||
|
Istriot Romance |
Eîstrioto | Istria county: Bale, Fažana, Galižana, Rovinj, Šišan, and Vodnjan towns. Istrian peninsula, west coast | / | / | / | 1 300 | Users | 2007 | 6b (Threatened) | ||
|
Sinte Romani Indo-Aryan |
Romanes | / | / | / | / | 318 920 (total) | Speakers | 2026 (Website accessed) | At risk | ||
|
Venetian Romance |
Vèneto | Istria and Split-Dalmatia counties: most of Istria peninsula, Fiume-Rijeka city, some cities in Kvarner and coastal Dalmatia | / | / | / | 50 000 | Users | 1994 | 5* (Developing) | ||
|
Vlax Romani Indo-Aryan |
Romani shib | / | / | / | / | 885 970 (total) | Speakers | 2026 (Website accessed) | At risk |
Add a comment